Machine for producing pipes



Dec. 5,' 1944. J. FERLA MACHINE FOR PRODUCING PIPES Filed July 17, 1939 2 Sheets-Sheet l Dec. 5, 1944. J. FERLA MACHINE FOR PRODUCING PIPES Filed July 17, 1959 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 "Eliqll- Patented Dec.'5, 1944 UNITED STATES mom son rnopucme lures John Fer-la, Camden, N.

1., assignmof onefourth to Paul X. Blaettler, Oaklyn, N J. "Application July 17, 1939, Serial No. 284,987

25 Claims. (01. 25-30) This invention relates to pipe producing apparatus, and more particularly to the producing of pipes from cementitious material such asan asf bestos cement mixture.

In forming pipes on a mandrel, a layer or layers of eementitious material is applied to the mandrel and rotated in contact with calender rolls for shaping and compacting the material, which calender rolls operate at. the same circumferential speed as the mandrel. Where it is desired to form an integral bell collar on one end of the pipe, this requires a change of diameter therefor, as a result of which'the bell-shaping portions of the mandrel and calender rolls should operate at different circumferential speeds than the remainder of the length thereof, but due to the integral construction of the mandrel and calender rolls as usually provided heretofore, such variations in speed has been impossible, and this resulted in imperfectly formed bell collars on the pines.

The object of this invention is to provide for uniform circumferential speed between the bear- I by perfect forming of the bell collar will be obtained without injury thereto. 1

, In carrying out this object, I have provided a loosely mounted sleeve on the calender which may rotate free of themaior portion thereof as a result of pressure between the mandrel and calender, whereby to obtain uniform circumferential speed not only at the cylindrical portion of the pipe, but also at the bell collar thereof, whereby the collar may be formed simultaneously with the cylinder of the pipe and without injurythereto, in a perfect manner.

I have shown in the accompanying drawings a I I 40 hearing blocks are moved back an d' forth "in preferred embodiment of the invention in which: Fig. 1 is an elevation-partly in section of an apparatus constructed in accordance with this.

invention: 1

Fig. 2 is a quarter section through a lower calender roll;

-' Fig. 3 is a longitudinal section through a wringer roll;

Fig. 4 is a longitudinal quarter section through a side calender;

Fig. is an end elevation of a rotatable sleeve therefor; I I

Fig. 6 has side elevation of said sleeve;

Fig.1! is an edge view of an end'iiange there- Fig. 9 is a partial longitudinal section through a calender;

Fig. 10 is an edge view of a conic sleeve therefor;

Fig. 11 is a side elevation of a cylindrical sleeve therefor: and

Fig. 12 is a detailed cross sectional view through said calender. r

The invention is shown in Fig. 1 as used. in

10 connection with forming apparatus generally of the'type set forth in my. prior application on Method of and means for producing pipes of cementitious composition, Ser. No. 212,071. filed June 6, 1938, now Patent No. 2,200,267, granted 15 May 14, 1940, of which this application is a con- 2o transversely between the longitudinal-members 2' and are braced at theirouter-ends by triangular braces 6.

A semi-circular-apron I is'secured to the frame structure to form a trough into which material may fall and be reused during the molding process, which trough may be partially enclosed at its ends, if desired, to catch and hold water. 1

Mounted in pedestals 8 supported on the re-.

spective cross members 4 at opposite ends of the machine is a calender designated generally by the numeral 8 hereinafter described more in detail. Immediately above the calender I is a mandrel designated generally by the numeral it, the i opposite ends of which are mounted loosely for relative vertical movement in-guides *ll formed 7 in the pedestals I.

Mounted on opposite sides of themandrel ll,

. .arfe calender-s l2 and I3, each of which is mounted in slidable bearing blocks upon guides I, which straight line directions toward and from the mangm ill by fluid power devices ll, suitably rolled by theoperator. 'l'he calendars li and I! may be withdrawn for the removal of the 4 mandrel II when filled and its mph cement by an empty mandrel, such filling replacement being accomplished by a hoist il'and during the operation of thefmachine the fluid power devices ll press the calenders l2 and "I! against the '50 periphery of the mandrel II and the pipe, which builds up thereon. The forming material is supplied tothe peripheries of the calendars ll'and II as these are'rotated in'the directions indicated by the arrows in Fig. 1, and which calenders have m. 8 is a side elevation of the calender body; the surfaces thereon moistened y, atomizer; l'l

- acting thereon. Arranged above the respective calenders l2 and it are hoppers la in position to direct an asbestos cement mixture onto the moistened peripheries of the calenders. The hoppers l8 have wire brushes 18 operating therein for uniform distribution of the material along the calenders. The hoppers l3 are supplied with substantially dry mixture from superposed hopa material is fed downward onto the rotating moistened surfaces i2 and E3 the mixture supplied to the surface is sumcient to hold the material thereon until it reaches the bight between said calenders and the mandrel ill when it. is caused to adhere to the latter and be transferred thereto, forming a layer on the mandrel. The layer on the calender l2 turns throughzapproximately 90 before coming-into contact with the mandrel, while the layer on the calender i3 turns through approximately 270 before it s transferred to the mandrel, whereby the layers are built up in superposed relation until the desired thickness of pipe is reached, after which the calenders i2 and is may be withdrawn and the filled mandrel removed and replaced with-an empty mandrel and the process repeated.

Since the calender 9 is fabric covered, it is washed by an atomizer 2| directed against the Hperipher'y of the calender, and thereafter thoroughly brushed by a brush 22 adjustably mounted the norm of straight pipes or pipes with bell ferential speed of'movement at the bight between the mandrel and calender's, not only at the cylindrical portions but also at the bell portions there of, so as to form the bell without iniury. The bodies of the calenders are Power driven and sleeves are provided on the bell portions for re.- tationfree of the bodies for movement only by frictional engagement against the rotating mandrel which is'rotated also :by the bearing engagement with the rotating calenders. The detailed construction 1 of the respective rolls is shown in Figs. 2 to 12.

' Fig. 2 illustrates the structure of the calender 9 which has a body portion 28 provided with a reduced neck 29 and to which body portion and neck are secured Journals 30" and 3|, adapted for mounting in the pedestals 3. A fabric covering 32 is secured around the cylinder-forming por- 'tion of the calender body 28. The neck 29 of .the bodyhas a cylindrical and frusto-conical por- 'tion on which is mounted a bushing 33 loose for relative movement. Journaled on the bushing 33 is a'conic, ring 34 and a cylindrical sleeve 35 which are shown as provided with packings36 at'the opposite end thereof. The sleeve 35 is covered by fabric 31. Instead of using. the fabric coverings 32 and3l, the calender body and-sleeve may be roughened, if desired. This leaves the conic ring 34 and the sleeve 35 free of the body portion 28 for relative turning movement, whereby the sleeve 35 coacts with the'enlarged bell-forming portion of the mandrel ill for frictional turning movement therebetween without relative motion.

The calender I3 is shown in 'Fig. 4 with its parts illustrated in Figs. 5 to 8. It is similar in construction to the calender 9 except that its body portion 40 has no fabric, and it is provided with flanges 4| and 42 at opposite ends to confine the cementitious material. The body portion 40 has a reduced neck portion 43 with a bushing 44 rotatably mounted thereon and around which is journaled a sleeve 45, free to rotate relative to the body portion and coacting .with the bellforming enlargement on the mandrel ill to provide uniform circumferential speed of rotation at the bell forming portion.

Another form of calender is shown in Figs. 9 to 12 in which a body portion 48 has a reduced end portion 49 b etween which is a conic section 50. The reduced end 49 carries a sleeve 5|, while the conic section 50 carries a frusto-conical ring 52 which ring and sleeve are mounted on ball bearings 53 for free journaling thereof relative to the body. The body portion and sleeve are covered with fabric indicated at 54 and 55, respectively,

which are held in place by clamping blocks 56 and 51 secured to-the body'as shown in Figs. 9 and12.

Calenders of these constructions may be used wherever it is desired to form bell collars on pipes in coactibn with a mandrel and it will be clearly understood that such calenders are not restricted to use in the forming apparatus shown in Fig. l, as they are equally adapted for use with a forming screen operating in a liquid suspension of cementitious material, or in other forms of pipe producing apparatus.

In forming bell collars at both ends of the pipe, it willbe evident that the bell-formi g'enlargemerit will be provided at both ends 0 the mam drel, and coacting collar-forming. sleeves will then be provided on both ends of each calender.

The invention is applicable also to the formation of tubes of other materials than cementitious mixtures, such as Bakelite, asphaltlc-resin, gutta percha, or papier-mach. For such materials,

the Calendar rolls should be heated for best resuits.

ders, triangular compression is obtained'on the pipe' which enables it to be completely finished in the forming machine, without the necessity for 1 a separate finishing operation.

I claim:

1. In a pipe producing machine, the combina tion of a mandrel adapted to receive cementitious l material thereon to form a pipe with a bell collar,

of a calender roll coacting with said mandrel.

said calender roll having a body portion adapted to bear'against the mandrel, and having a peripheral portion movable relative to said body portion and adapted to shape the bell collar of the pipe, and a packing interposed between said movby the entry of cementitious material, the combination of a mandrel adapted to receive material thereon to form By operating the mandrel between three calen- Y a pipe and having a portion adapted to shape said material to form a bell collar on the pipe. and a calender coacting with said mandrel, said V calender having a body portion bearing against the mandrel to shape the material thereon and having a sleeve movable relative to said body por tion and coacting with the beli'collar forming portion of the mandrel, and a packing interposed between an end of said sleeve and the body portion adjacent the periphery thereof to prevent adhesion by the entry of cementitious material therebetween.

cementitious material, a. calender'roll comprising a body portionhaving an end portion of a different diameter than the body portion, a sleeve surrounding said body portion and journaled thereon ior free movement relative thereto, a conic sec-- tion interposed in axia ialignment between the sleeve and the body portion and rotatable relative to both, and packings interposed between said 3. In a machine for producing pipes from cementitious material, the combination oiamandrel adapted to receive material thereon to form a pipe and having an enlargement to form a bell collar on the pipe, and a calender for shaping the material on the mandrel, said calender having a 7 body portion bearing against the pipe forming portion of the mandrel and rotatable in bearin engagement therewith, said body portion; having.

a reduced end portion formed in one integral piece therewith and surrounded by a sleeve freely rotatable relative to the body portion and bearing against the enlargement on the mandrel for shaping the bell collar thereof, said sleeve being of uniform thickness from end to end thereof,

4. In a machine for producing pi s from cementitious material, a calender comprising a body'portion having an end portion'of diflferent diameter than the body portion and surrounded by a sleeve journaled thereon for free movement relative to the bodvportion, and a packing inter. posed between said sleeve and the body portion adjacent the peripheries thereof to prevent the entry of. cementitious material therebetween.

conic section and the sleeve and body portion respectively adjacent the peripheries thereof substantially to prevent the entry of cementitious materialtherebetween.

10. In a machine for producing pipes from oementitious material, a calender comprising a cylindrical body portion having an integral cylin. drival reduced .end portion of smaller diameter than the body portion, said body portion and reduced end portion having the respective outer ends thereof open, a sleeve surrounding said reduced end portion and freely rotatable relative to the body portion, a conic section interposed beand rigid therewith for mounting the said body tween the sleeve and the body portion and rotatable relative to said body portion, and journals fixed, in the open opposite ends of the calender portion for turning'movement.

. 11. In a machine for producing. pipes, a calender comprising a cylindrical body portion having a reduced end portion, a sleeve surrounding said reduced end portion and journaled thereon, journals for said body portion, and a flange adjust- 5. In a machine for producing pipes from a cementitious material, a calender having a body portion with an end portion formed in one integral piece therewith and of reduced diameter relative to said body portion, and a sleeve surrounding said reduced end portion and freely rotatable relative to the body portion, said sleeve being of uniform thickness from" end-to-end thereof 6. In a machine for producing pipes from tion, a sleeve sxrounding said reduced-end por-,

tion and freely tatablerelative to the body portion,'and means interposed between and journaling said sleeve on the reduced end portion and freely movable relative to both forming a bearing therefor.

8. In a machine for producing pipes from.

cementitious material, a calender comprising a cylindrical body portion having an integral reduced end portion of smaller diameter than the body portion, a sleeve surrounding said reduced end portion and freely rotatable relative to the body portion, and a conic sectionapproximately of uniform thickness interposed in axialalignmentbetween the sleeve and the body portion and rotatable relative to said body portion and sleeve.

ably mounted on one of said Journals for axial movement and having bearing engagement with the sleeve to adjust said sleeve axially.

12. In a machine for producing pipes, a, calender comprising a cylindrical body portion having a reduced end portion, a sleeve surrounding said reduced end portion and journaled thereoma packing ring interposed between adjacent ends of the sleeve and body portion adjacent the periphery thereon to prevent. the entry or cementitious material therebetween, said sleeve beingaxially movable on the reduced end portiomtoward the packing ring to take up for wear, and means for securing said sleeve in adjusted position.

13. In a machine for producing pipes, a calender comprising a cylindrical body portion having a reduced end portion, a sleeve surrounding said reduced end portion and journaled thereon. a packing ring interposed between adjacent ends of the sleeve and body portion adjacent the periphery thereof to prevent the entry of cementitious jmaterial therebetween, said sleeve being axially movable on the reduced end portion toward the packing ring to take up for wear, journals for the calender, a. flange slidably mounted on one of the journals in abutting relation with the sleeve for holding the same against the adjacent end of the the body portion, and means for securing said flange in adjusted position on said journal.

14. In a pipe producing machine, the combination of a calender roll adapted to bear against a.

mandrel having a layer or cementitious material thereon, said calender roll having a solid peripheral surface with a fibrous covering surrounding said solid suriaceexternally thereof, a wringer roll in peripheral bearing engagement with the calender roll; said wringer roll having a resilient peripheral portion, means mounting said wringer roll for bodily movement, and means for resilient- 1y pressing the wringer roll against the calender roll.

l5. In an'apparatus for producing pipe, the

combination of acalender roll mounted tor rotary 3 am amachinefor producing pipes iroln combination of a calender roll mounted for rotary movement about an approximately horizontal axis in position to receive a mandrel thereon, and

a pair of calender rolls mounted for rotary move-' ment about axes approximately parallel with the 21. In an apparatus for producing pipe, the combination of a calender roll mounted for rotary movement about an approximately horizontal axis in position to receive a mandrel thereon, and a pair of calender rolls mounted for rotary movement about axes approximately parallel with the first-mentioned axis and on opposite sides thereof above said first-mentioned axis in position to bear against opposite sides of said mandrel approximately in alignment with the axis thereof, said pair of calender rolls having smooth peripheral surfaces, and the first-mentioned calender first-mentioned axis and on opposite sides thereof above said first-mentioned axis in position to bear against opposite sides of said mandrel approximately in alignment with the axis thereof.

1'7. In an apparatus for producing pipe, the combination of a calender roll mounted for rotary movement about an approximately horizontal 'axis in position to receive a mandrel thereon, a

pair of calender rolls mounted for rotary movement about axes approximately parallel with the first-mentioned axis and on opposite sides thereof above said first-mentioned axis in position to bear against opposite sides of said mandrel approximately in alignment with the axis thereof, and means for applying pressure in opposed directions against the pair of calender rolls.

18. In an apparatus for producing pipe, the combination of a rotatable mandrel adapted to receive one or more layers of moldable material thereon, a pair of rotatable calender rolls mounted on opposite sides of said mandrel in peripheral bear against opposite sides of said mandrel approximately in alignment with the axis thereof, and means for applying a layer of cementitious material to'the peripheral surface of one of said pair .of calender rolls in position for transfer therefrom onto the mandrel, the first-mentioned calender roll being arranged to apply calendering action to the applied layers on the mandrel.

20. In an apparatus for producing pipe, the

combination of arotatablemandreladapted to receive one or more layers of moldable material thereon, a pair of rotatable calender rolls mounted on opposite sides of said mandrel in'peripheral bearing relation against opposite sides thereof, a third rotatable calender roll intermediate said pair of calender rolls and in peripheral bearing relation with themandrel, each of said rolls extending substantially throughout the lengthof the mandrel, and means for applying a layer of cem'entitious material to the peripheral surface of one of said pair of'calender rolls approximaterollhaving a fibrous peripheral surface.

22. In an apparatus for producing pipe, the combination of a calender roll mounted for rotary movement about an approximately horizontalaxis in position to receive a mandrel thereon, a, pair ofcalender rolls mounted for rotary move* ment about axes approximately parallel with the first-mentioned axis and on opposite sides thereof above said first-mentioned axis in position to bear against opposite sides of said mandrel approximately in alignment withthe axis thereof,

and mounting means for the first-mentioned calender'roll holding the axis thereof stationary continuously during the action on the pipe.

23. In an apparatus for producing-pipe, the

' combination of a calender roll mounted for rotary ly throughout the length thereof and transferring the same. onto the mandrel, the third calender roll applying calendering action to the applied layers on the mandrel.

movement about an approximately horizontal axis in position to receive a mandrel thereon, a

pair of calender rolls mounted for rotary movement about axes approximately parallel with the first-mentioned axis and on opposite sides thereof above said first-mentioned axis in position to bear against opposite sides of said mandrel approximately in alignment with the axis thereof, mounting means for the first-mentionedcalender roll holding the axis thereof stationary continuously during the action on the pipe, and mounting means for the pair of calenderrolls for moving the same in opposite directions away from the mandrel during the action on the pipe.

24. In a pipe producing machine, a calender roll adapted to bear against a mandrel having a layer of cementitious material thereon, said calender roll having a solid peripheral surface with a fibrous covering thereover, means for applying moisture to the iibrous covering on the calender roll, and a wringer roll in peripheral bearing relation with the calender roll.

25. In an apparatus for producing pipe, the a combination of a calender roll mounted for rotary movement about an approximately horizontal axis in position to receive a mandrel thereon, a pair of calender ,rolls mounted for rotary movement about axes approximately parallel with the'first v mentioned axis and on opposite sides thereof above said first-mentioned axis in position to bear against opposite sides of said mandrel approxi-'v mately in alignment with the axis thereof, said pair of calender rolls having smooth peripheral surfaces, the first-mentioned calender roll havin a fibrous peripheral surface, and means for applying moisture to the fibrous covering on the first-mentioned calender roll to prevent adherence of the formed layers thereto.

JOHN FERLA. 

